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Wednesday, March 16th, 2011

New Consumer Protection at the Bank?

A recent press release from the National Consumer Law Center highlights a new federal rule that, if not modified in the next two months, will take effect May 1st and should better protect the bank accounts of people receiving government benefits. Here’s what you need to know.

When Creditors Can’t Garnish Your Money

If you’ve ever filed for bankruptcy or been in serious debt, you may be familiar with the practice of garnishment, which occurs when a creditor collects money directly from your wages or bank account to cover a debt you owe.

  • Current law protects certain funds: As federal laws now stand, creditors are prohibited from garnishing certain payments from the accounts of debtors (that is, people who owe them money). These funds include Social Security payments, disability payments, veterans’ benefits and other benefits for low-income and disabled people.
  • Current practice permits the garnishment: Despite the prohibition against garnishing such funds from bank accounts, it seems that many banks regularly freeze the accounts of customers whose creditors request a garnishment from the bank. While customers can have these funds unfrozen, doing so generally requires hiring a lawyer and can take time. During that time, these customers may not have access to the funds in their account that they need to make basic purchases.
  • High monthly toll on the poor: Reports note that every month, as many as 100,000 Americans are victimized by this improper garnishment.
  • Immediate action is essential: A recent New York Times Op-Ed piece notes that if customers do not act quickly enough to unfreeze their accounts, creditors may end up garnishing the funds regardless of the federal laws prohibiting such action.
  • “Uncertainty of origins of funds”: Apparently, banks have justified their freezing of accounts legally protected from garnishment by claiming that they have no way of tracking the origins of funds in any given account, and that if they were to ignore orders of garnishment, they could face legal repercussions.

The New Rule: Electronic Tags for Special Funds

The new rule, then (if it is not modified or struck down before May 1), will allow the government to electronically mark the money it deposits into beneficiaries’ bank accounts. With such tags in place, banks should be able to easily identify which funds are eligible for garnishment and which funds are protected.

The National Consumer Law Center noted in a press release that the new rule is especially good news for retirees, veterans and Americans with disabilities, as their accounts tend to most often be the ones with the types of money in question.

Stay posted to the Total Bankruptcy blog to find out the latest updates and changes to this rule as the public comment period comes to a close.

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Posted in Predatory Lending, The Law and Your Money | Comments Off

Monday, March 14th, 2011

Top Consumer Complaints of 2010

The Federal Trade Commission has released a report on the consumer complaints it received from Americans in 2010, and the list illuminates many of the financial and privacy concerns important to the American people.

Here’s a look at the top ten issues that sparked the most consumer outrage, as well as some tips for dealing with a problem new this year.

  • Identity theft: For the 11th year in a row, identity theft earned the top spot for number of consumer complaints, with 19 percent of all complaints filed (a whopping 250,854).
  • Debt collection: If you’ve ever dealt with abusive debt collectors, it may not surprise you to learn that issues with this group caused the second greatest number of complaints among consumers (144,159, or 11 percent of all complaints).
  • Internet services: Whether for fraudulent offers or subpar service, Internet providers landed third for most consumer complaints, five percent of all complaints (65,565).
  • Prizes, sweepstakes and lotteries: In fourth place came this type of scam, which often offers phony rewards after the victim pays a bogus entry fee. A total of 64,085 complaints were filed about this type of issue, or about five percent of all complaints.
  • Shop-at-home and catalog sales: Whether for defective goods, unwieldy return policies or some other act of non-consumer-friendliness, this type of transaction accounted for about four percent of consumer complaints last year (60,205).
  • Imposter scams: A new category this year, this type of scam jumped to sixth place, prompting the FTC to issue warnings about how to spot imposter scams to avoid sending money to strangers (details below).
  • Internet auctions: Perhaps because of the Internet’s vast scope and inability to fit neatly into regulatory areas, online auctions prompted 56,107 people to file complaints with the FTC.
  • Foreign money/counterfeit check scams: Getting blasted when you intended to invest or travel can be especially traumatizing, so it’s no wonder 43,866complaints concerning this category were filed last year.
  • Telephone and mobile services: Varying definitions of service options and quality of service provided prompted 37,388 people to file complaints about their communication tools.
  • Credit cards: This old classic is still causing us plenty of trouble. Despite the new protections instituted by the Credit CARD Act, 33,258 complaints were still filed about credit cards.

Avoiding Imposter Scams

The FTC’s consumer complaints about imposter scams (that is, scams in which someone pretends to be a government agency or loved one in order to convince a victim to part with money or sensitive information) prompted the release of a report on how to spot and avoid such scams.

In general, avoid wiring money to anyone you don’t know, be wary if someone pushes you to act quickly to make a transaction, don’t transmit sensitive information by text message and always confirm a person’s identity before making a major financial move.

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Posted in Finance 101: Secure Your Future, Identity Theft | 1 Comment »

Thursday, March 10th, 2011

The Latest Consumer Protection from the FTC

The Federal Trade Commission’s annual National Consumer Protection Week is upon us (March 6 – 12, 2011) and that means it’s a great time to brush up on information about money, credit and the consumer protections available to you – just because you happen to live in the United States.

You can get handy tips for personal finance and money management at the NCPW blog, which is updated regularly with tips for topics including these (and more!):

  • Avoiding foreclosure rescue and other mortgage-related scams;
  • Knowing how to spot employment opportunity scams;
  • Making the most of your money in the early stages of your career;
  • Building and maintaining a budget to improve financial stability;
  • Avoiding time-share and credit-card scams offered via text messages; and
  • Learning what steps to take to save your home from foreclosure.

In short, whether you’re rebuilding from a bankruptcy filing or just starting to establish yourself in the world of credit and wealth, there are excellent, free resources available for your enjoyment and education.

FTC Targets Scammers Preying on the Cash-Strapped

In other FTC news, the commission announced this week new efforts to halt scams that target people in need of work – in other words, those who can least afford to lose money to dishonest schemes.

According to the FTC’s web site, Operation Empty Promises has taken legal action against the following scammers:

  • Ivy Capital Inc., a company that allegedly bilked consumers out of more than $40 million with promises of helping them to establish lucrative, Internet-based businesses from their homes. The scam reportedly worked by first asking victims about their available credit and then pushing them to use that credit to buy worthless products and services.
  • National Sales Group, Executive Sales Network and Certified Sales Jobs, three names of the same company that allegedly posted fake sales jobs on job-search web sties including CareerBuilder.com. The group, it seems, falsely promised sales positions with Fortune 1000 companies and charged victims money for what they claimed were costs related to background checks – often, this company reportedly overcharged and charged unapproved recurring fees to victims’ credit cards.
  • Business Recovery Services LLC, a company that the FTC claims misrepresented the potential effectiveness of its work-at-home wealth recovery “kits,” which sold for $499 each. All told, the FTC reports that this group managed to snag $1.5 million from victims.

Take Advantage of FTC Protections!

The FTC is constantly patrolling for scammers and those violating existing consumer protection rules. If you’ve caught wind of a scam or have been victimized by a scammer, you may want to file a complaint with the FTC as well as consult with an attorney to see whether you might be entitled to any compensation.

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Posted in Bankruptcy News and Events, Finance 101: Secure Your Future | 1 Comment »

Wednesday, March 2nd, 2011

The Latest on Foreclosures & Home Sales in the U.S.

Because the current recession was caused in large part by questionable practices in the mortgage market, home sales and foreclosure rates have been particularly interesting to monitor as an overall indicator of the economy’s rate of recovery.

Here’s a look at some of the latest findings and reports about the industry.

Home Sales Up Slightly, Thanks to Foreclosure Sales

The Associated Press reported this week that home sales in the U.S. rose from December 2010 to January of this year:

  • Rate of increase: Reports show that existing home sales (i.e. sales of not-new, previously occupied homes) rose at a rate of 2.7 percent between December and January.
  • Annual rate: The rate of sales in January put the market on pace to sell 5.36 million homes for the year. December’s sales were at a 5.22 million annual rate. A “healthy” economy, sources note, generally includes about six million home sales per year.
  • First time buyers: The latest numbers show that first-time home buyers accounted for 29 percent of all sales, well below the 40 percent that apparently is the hallmark of stronger economic times.
  • Hearty areas: Particularly strong types of home sales reportedly included foreclosure sales, at 37 percent of all transactions, and cash-only sales, which accounted for another 32 percent. Sources indicate that these numbers mark a doubling in such types of sales from two years ago.
  • Median home price: The glut of foreclosures now on the market continues to drive down home prices, and the median price in January was apparently $158,000, down 3.7 percent from this time last year and the lowest median in nearly a decade (since April 2002).
  • Unsold homes: Sources report that 3.38 million unsold homes still clog the nation and hold back the housing market’s recovery. At January’s rate of sales, it would take more than seven months to sell these homes.

New Changes on the Horizon for Mortgage Servicers?

A recent report at Credit.com notes that the federal government may be nearing an announcement of new regulations for the mortgage servicing industry. Here’s why:

  • During the subprime housing boom, mortgage servicers were often rewarded for signing customers up for more expensive loans than they could have qualified for.
  • This led to abusive practices by many mortgage servicers and caused many customers to pay more than they could have for their loans in interest rates and related services.
  • Since the collapse of the housing market, federal investigators have apparently been attempting to determine which practices were most detrimental to borrowers.
  • As the research period draws to a close, insiders are reportedly expecting the announcement of new regulations for the mortgage servicing industry in the coming weeks.

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Posted in Economic News: How Are We Doing?, Home Foreclosure | Comments Off

Monday, February 7th, 2011

Nothing Says ‘I Love You’ Like Avoiding Identity Theft

With Valentine’s Day around the corner, many Americans are likely thinking about ways to treat their loved ones, or considering their options for meeting a romantic partner. And in the age of online dating and connections, the Federal Trade Commission has issued a guide for keeping your personal information (and money) safe from identity thieves while you enjoy all Cupid has to offer.

Here’s a look at some of the FTC’s Valentine-specific warnings.

Know the Warning Signs for Valentine’s Day Scams

  • Online dating & social networking: Online venues for meeting and interacting with people have ballooned in popularity in the last several years, but that doesn’t mean they’re always safe. The FTC suggests proceeding with caution when engaging in any sort of online relationship, especially if you notice any of these identity theft warning signs. The important thing to keep in mind is not to let your guard down even if you’re feeling particularly sentimental around the holiday.
  • Flower delivery scams: Another warning the FTC has issued concerns flower delivery services – obviously a classic choice for February 14th. According to the FTC, some flower delivery scams involve telemarketers offering their services over the phone for more money than a local florist’s shop would charge. Naturally, that’s not a good deal for anyone. If you’re thinking of sending blossoms to a loved one this year, make sure you know you’re working with a legitimate company and paying a fair price.
  • Financial habit compatibility: While financial matters may not seem like the most romantic topic to broach during a Valentine’s dinner, they are important to any serious relationship. Luckily, the FTC offers a fiscal compatibility quiz for partners interested in seeing how their spending, saving and budgeting habits match up. (Hint: offering to do this quiz together for a Valentine’s Day date might not go over well if it’s the most romantic thing you’ve got planned.)
  • Magazine subscription and renewal scams: Thinking of giving a gift that your valentine can enjoy all year long? Be careful if you choose a magazine subscription, because some scammers have begun sending phony renewal notices to subscribers in hopes of tricking these people into sending checks they think are to maintain their subscriptions. Instead, visit the web site of the magazine you want to share with your loved one and make sure that web site is a secure place to enter any financial information.

The Relationship between Love & Money

Americans tend to think of love and money as unrelated subjects, but any serious relationship demands a consideration of financial matters from both partners. After all, the stress of debt problems can wreak havoc on a relationship, so show your partner you care by putting financial matters on the table this Valentine’s Day!

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Posted in Finance 101: Secure Your Future, Identity Theft | Comments Off

Wednesday, February 2nd, 2011

Spend Smarter to Save Time & Money

As anyone recovering from bankruptcy, trying to eliminate debt or otherwise reshaping their finances knows, shopping and buying new things can be a source of stress – after all, we all need stuff now and then (whether it's a new part for a car, a new refrigerator or new shoes for our kids). But we shouldn’t have to worry that our purchase will turn into a nightmare if something goes wrong.

A recent post from WalletPop.com outlines what it calls a “Customer Bill of Rights,” which offers suggestions for what ordinary consumers should look for in their purchasing to make sure they won’t be scammed or led into a labyrinth of red tape should something malfunction.

Know What to Look for in a Company

Here’s a summary of how to better navigate your spending and buying experiences.

  • Look for contact information. If a company doesn’t readily display contact information (with email addresses or phone numbers on a web site and actual representatives in a store), you may not want to shop there. After all, if you can’t easily communicate with the company, you’ll probably be in for some serious headaches if you want to ask about a return or repair policy down the road. Before you spend your money, make sure you know how to ask the vendor questions.
  • Know your timeframe. If the first person you speak with can’t help you resolve a problem, ask for a manager. It’s easy during customer service calls to get frustrated and give up, but remember that you spent your money on this company’s product, and you need help with it. Customer service reps shouldn’t act like this is a burden; if they do, you’ve learned one company not to buy from in the future.
  • Know the policies and ask about changes. Return and warranty policies change frequently at some retailers. Be sure to read such policies and ask how a company handles changes: if, for example, you buy something and the policy changes before you need it fixed, what will your options be?
  • Be wary about warranties. Many stores offer expensive warranty deals that are not worth your money. Instead, consider looking at online warranty vendors (like SquareTrade.com) or simply setting aside a fund for all your appliances – that way, you have somewhere to draw money from if you need repairs.
  • Do some homework. In an ideal world, we wouldn’t have to worry about whether a retailer would treat us respectfully if we needed to make a return, but in the real world some vendors have better reputations than others. A quick online search should yield lists of companies that have high and low ratings for their customer service. You can also look at forums where customers chat about their experiences.

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Wednesday, January 19th, 2011

Better Consumer Protections for Mortgage Borrowers on the Horizon?

A recent report from CreditBloggers indicates that the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), the new government body created by the Obama administration to improve consumer protections in the United States, plans to create an easy-to-understand tool that will allow potential homeowners to compare the terms of various mortgage loans with greater ease.

Here’s a look at some of the details.

Easier-to-Understand Mortgage Documents and More

  • More transparency in lending: According to a press release from the CFPB, the organization plans to join forces with state enforcers and banks to improve transparency in lending tools such as mortgage documents, student loans and payday loans. The goal of this partnership is to better equip consumers with the tools needed to understand loans before they take on such burdens.
  • Clarification of mortgage options: One of the CFPB’s specific goals is to provide consumers with an easy-to-understand comparison sheet for mortgage loans. The current forms, apparently, include too much legal and technical jargon and provide little illumination for the average consumer.

So what might this mean for consumers, once the CFPB produces documents to facilitate various borrowing experiences?

Improved Understanding of Consumer Risk

The goal, it seems, is to put consumers in a position of power when they’re making decisions about their finances. Ultimately, services from the CFPB might include:

  • Better disclosures on student lending forms: Most student loans are not dischargeable in bankruptcy, but students continue to regularly take on tens and even hundreds of thousands of dollars in debt in order to get a bachelor’s degree. Improved disclosures, explanations and estimates post-graduation earnings could help young students make more reasonable borrowing decisions.
  • Tighter restrictions (or clearer terms) at payday loan stores: While some state laws have banned or greatly restricted the practice of payday lending, in much of the country payday lenders still thrive. The CFPB has announced that it plans to play a role in changing the face of payday lending so that it is less alluring and expensive for already struggling consumers.
  • Clearer comparisons of mortgage offers: As stated above, more direct methods of explaining and comparing mortgages could potentially save consumers from taking on toxic debt.

Because the financial turmoil we’ve been dealing with for the last few years has had unarguably negative effects on the lives and livelihoods of millions of citizens, it’s refreshing to see the potential for some good (in the form of increased consumer protections) to come out of the bad.

The CFPB is still a fairly new organization; as it matures and extends its reach, it should be making important changes for consumers across the country.

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Posted in Finance 101: Secure Your Future, Predatory Lending | Comments Off

Wednesday, January 12th, 2011

What’s the Latest on Payday Loans?

In the last few years, lawmakers in many states have taken on payday loans as a pet cause, passing legislation that outlaws or severely limits what these predatory lending institutions can charge and how they can operate.

But a recent post at CreditBloggers points out that many payday lending operations are still thriving, for a number of reasons. Here’s a look at the latest payday lending landscape and a reminder of just how expensive these seemingly innocuous loans actually are.

Restrictions on Payday Lending

In recent years, state lawmakers have put a variety of limits on how payday loan stores can operate:

  • Ohio: State legislators limited payday lending interest rates to 28 percent (a significant decrease from the 400+ percent some lenders charge annually). The legislation affected the payday lenders, naturally, but apparently did not result in their flight from the state.
  • Montana: In November’s election, 72 percent of voters reportedly voted to make payday lending illegal in the state, and a new measure that went into effect on the first day of 2011 limits interest rates to 36 percent. The result, it seems, is that most payday loan stores have packed up and headed out, unable to make sufficient profit under those terms.
  • Arizona: When a law permitting high-interest lending was not renewed, sources note that some lenders remained in the state but one national chain (Advance America Cash Advance Centers) quit the state entirely.
  • Other states: Elsewhere in the country, legislation has been introduced and/or passed to limit the amount of interest payday lenders can charge and how they can operate their businesses.

So why, with so many restrictions in place and so much public energy devoted to eliminating payday lending abuses, are some payday lenders still thriving?

The Credit Crunch and Payday Lending

Unfortunately, one effect the recession has had on the lending landscape is that many lenders have tightened their lending standards. In fact, while the number of banks in the nation reportedly increased between 2007 and 2009, the dollar amount of loans they issued dropped by a staggering 51 percent.

What does that mean for ordinary consumers (and especially those whose credit is less than pristine)?

  • Fewer borrowing options: With banks holding onto their money more tightly, fewer consumers have a chance at getting loans from these mainstream, trustworthy sources.
  • Prime ground for alternative lenders: When people need money, though, they have to get it from somewhere. And, because of the way their business model works, payday lenders are often the go-to place for folks who can’t get loans elsewhere.
  • Serious danger for serious debt: Unfortunately, just because payday loans may seem like your only option does not mean that they’re any safer than they used to be. Payday loans can lead to a debilitating cycle of debt and can come with interest rates of more than 400 percent over the course of a year! Remember that many financial advisors recommend almost every other source of financing over payday loans.

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Posted in Predatory Lending | Comments Off

Thursday, December 30th, 2010

Lawsuit Challenges Legality of Pre-Employment Credit Checks

The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has filed a lawsuit alleging that the practice of conducting pre-hiring credit checks by Kaplan Higher Education Corporation, a company that provides test-preparation and post-secondary services, discriminates against certain classes of Americans and is therefore unlawful.

And, in case that’s a little too much legal information for your comfort level, here’s what that means and why it’s good news if you’re struggling with debt and/or recovering from bankruptcy.

So What’s the Deal with Pre-Hiring Credit Checks?

Here’s a look at the basics of employer-conducted credit checks.

  • What they are: As part of the hiring process, many employers (as many as 60 percent, according to some polls) have begun running credit checks on job applicants (in addition to conducting criminal background checks). In theory, these credit checks are valuable to employers because they divulge information about an applicant’s overall capabilities.
  • Why they’re controversial: While few people oppose the practice of running credit checks for applicants to positions that involve finance, many consumer advocates have spoken out against credit checks for applicants in non-financial fields. After all, if the current recession has taught us anything, it’s that poor credit can have little to do with a person’s responsibility, intelligence and job worthiness. Further, a few states have already made pre-employment credit checks illegal for non-finance jobs.
  • The current lawsuit: The EEOC’s charges against Kaplan include allegations that Kaplan’s practice of conducting credit checks before making hiring decisions constitutes to discrimination, because black and Latino Americans reportedly have statistically lower credit scores than white Americans.
  • The legal reasoning: According to a Credit.com piece on the issue, the case has teeth because it applies legal reasoning the EEOC used to show that criminal background checks also disproportionately affected black job applicants because blacks are more likely to be arrested than whites.
  • The reason it’s important: If the court rules that pre-employment credit checks lead to discriminatory hiring decisions, such credit checks could be outlawed in more states, potentially making employment easier to find for people who have struggled with debt problems.

Potential Outcomes of the Case

While the lawsuit is still in its early stages at this juncture, it has the potential to change the current state of pre-employment credit checks in the U.S. The court could, depending on the evidence presented, rule that pre-employment credit checks amount to discrimination in the hiring process.

This could be good news for people recovering from a bankruptcy filing or otherwise fighting debt burdens, because being denied employment for credit-related reasons can lead to a frustrating and debilitating debt cycle.

In the mean time, you may want to consult with a bankruptcy lawyer if you have been denied employment because of something in your credit report.

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Posted in The Law and Your Money, Your Credit Score | 1 Comment »

Wednesday, December 22nd, 2010

Know What to Look for in a Debt Settlement Company

If you’re struggling under what feels like a debt mountain, you’re probably ready to consider a variety of options to ease or eliminate your financial burden. And, if you don’t think bankruptcy is right for you (or if you’re ineligible for bankruptcy because of a recent filing), you may be wondering whether debt settlement could help.

While debt settlement does work for some people, it can be risky to sign on with a debt settlement firm – less-than-scrupulous companies abound and can cheat consumers out of money when they can least afford to lose it.

When Can You Trust a Debt Settlement Firm?

A recent article from WalletPop.com offers some tips for spotting a trustworthy debt settlement company. Here’s a summary.

  • Do some background sleuthing: Before you even leave your house to visit a debt settlement firm, use the tools available to you to nose out a trustworthy company in your area. You may want to start with a simple internet search, but be sure to check any company you consider with the Better Business Bureau for its grade (although newer companies may not yet have any useful comments – good or bad – on that site yet). You should also look for consumer comments about the firm to see how others have responded to their services.
  • Know what a “reasonable” fee is: If you choose a non-profit debt settlement company, the up-front consultation fee should be $75 or less, according to sources. If the company charges more than that, they’re likely more interested in taking your money than helping you settle your debt woes. And it’s important to note that laws prohibit for-profit firms from charging any up-front fee at all.
  • Time your first meeting: Another way to gauge a debt settlement firm is to time your initial meeting with a representative. According to insiders, anything less than an hour should raise a red flag – in order to get a thorough sense of your finances, a representative should take at least 60 minutes to understand your debts and assess your situation. Another bad sign is if the person helping you is distracted or inattentive – your finances require the full attention of the customer service representative, and anything less should signal you to leave.
  • Go with your gut: If the debt settlement company or its representative seems to be pushing you hard to sign on, suggests or says that the process of debt settlement will be easy, or acts like the answer to all your problems, you should assume that the situation may be less than ideal. Debt settlement, when it’s done honestly and well, still requires consumers to make financial sacrifices and stay on top of payments – it’s not an easy road out.

Above all, understand that you are the one who will be most affected by whatever happens to your finances, and so you need to take an active role in making sure your finances are on the right path. Use the online resources available to you and follow your instinct – any deal that seems too good to be true most likely is.

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Posted in Finance 101: Secure Your Future | Comments Off

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